Howard McGaw Smyth, “The Papers: Rose Garden”, Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Review Program, September 22, 1993.

Emilio Gin, “Mussolini and the Fall of Fascism, 25 July 1943: A Reappraisal”, Historical Journal 61, no. 3 (September 2018).

Ilaria Myr, “Villa Giulia: Quando Ciano espropriò la nostra casa”, Bet Magazine Mosaico: Sito ufficiale della Comunità Ebraica di Milano, July 15, 2018.

Paige Y. Durgin, “Framed in Death”.

Patricia Knight, Mussolini and Fascism (London: Routledge, 2002).

Romano Mussolini, My Father Il Duce: A Memoir by Mussolini’s Son, trans. Ana Stojanovic (n. p.: Kales Press, 2006).

Denis Mack Smith, Italy and Its Monarchy (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989).

Melton S. Davis, Who Defends Rome? The Forty-Five Days, July 25 to September 8, 1943 (New York: Doubleday, 1972).

“Hildegard Beetz”, file dated October 26, 1943, archive file 25, Central Intelligence Agency.