Accominotti, Olivier (2012), “London Merchant Banks, the Central European Panic, and the Sterling Crisis of 1931,” Journal of Economic History 72, pp. 1–43.
Adalet, Muge (2009), “Were Universal Banks More Vulnerable to Banking Failures? Evidence from the 1931 German Banking Crisis,” Working Paper 0911, Economics Research Forum, Tusiad-Koc University (November).
Aguado, Iago Gil (2001), “The Creditanstalt Crisis of 1931 and the Failure of the Austro-German Customs Union Project,” The Historical Journal 44, pp. 199–221.
Alesina, Alberto and Silvia Ardagna (2010), “Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending,” in Jeffrey Brown (ed.), Tax Policy and the Economy 24, pp. 35–68.
Allard, Céline, Petya Brooks, John Bluedorn, Fabian Bornhorst, Katherine Christopherson, Franziska Ohnsorge, Tigran Poghosyan (2013), “Toward a Fiscal Union for the Euro Area,” IMF Discussion Note SDN/13/09 (September).
Allen, Frederick Lewis (1931), Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the Nineteen-Twenties, New York: Harper & Bros.
Almunia, Miguel, Agustin Benetrix, Barry Eichengreen, Kevin O’Rourke and Gisela Rua (2010), “From Great Depression to Great Credit Crisis: Similarities, Differences and Lessons,” Economic Policy 25, pp. 219–265.
Alter, Jonathan (2010), The Promise: President Obama, Year One, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Alter, Jonathan (2013), The Center Holds: Obama and his Enemies, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Anderson, William (2000), “Risk and the National Industrial Recovery Act: An Empirical Evaluation,” Public Choice 103, pp. 139–161.
Angelides, Phil (2011), “Fannie, Fredie and the Financial Crisis,” Bloomberg View (3 August), http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011–08–04/fannie-freddie-role-in-the-financial-crisis-commentary-by-phil-angelides.html.
Antràs, Pol, Rubén Segura-Cayuela and Diego Rodriguez-Rodriguez (2010), “Firms in International Trade (with an Application to Spain,” unpublished manuscript, Harvard University, Bank of Spain and University Complutense (December).
Archibald, Robert and David Feldman (1998), “Investment during the Great Depression: Uncertainty and the Role of the Smoot Hawley Tariff,” Southern Economic Journal 64, pp. 857–879.
Awalt, Francis Gloyd (1969), “Recollections of the Banking Crisis in 1933,” Business History Review 43, pp. 347–371.
Bair, Sheila (2012), Bull by the Horns: Fighting to Save Main Street from Wall Street and Wall Street from Itself, New York: Free Press.
Baldursson, Fridrik Mar and Richard Portes (2013), “Gambling for Resurrection in Iceland: The Rise and Fall of the Banks,” CEPR Discussion Paper no. 9664 (September).
Balke, Nathan and Robert Gordon (1986), “Historical Data,” in Robert Gordon (ed.), The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 781–850.
Barber, William (1985), From New Era to New Deal: Herbert Hoover, the Economists, and American Economic Policy, 1921–1933, New York: Cambridge University Press.
Barnard, Harry (1958), Independent Man: The Life of Senator James Couzens, New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Barofsky, Neil (2012), Bailout: An Inside Account of How Washington Abandoned Main Street While Rescuing Wall Street, New York: Free Press.
Barth, James, R. Dan Brumbaugh, Jr. and James Wilcox (2000), “The Repeal of Glass-Steagall and the Advent of Broad Banking,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14, pp. 191–204.
Beard, Charles and George Smith (1940), The Old Deal and the New, New York: Macmillan.
Becker, Bo and Todd Milbourn (2011), “How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?” Journal of Finance and Economics 101, pp. 493–514.
Berg, Claes and Lars Jonung (1998), “Pioneering Price Level Targeting: The Swedish Experience 1931–1937,” Seminar Paper no. 642, Institute for International Economic Studies, Stockholm University (July).
Berle, Adolf and Gardiner Means (1933), The Modern Corporation and Private Property, New York: Macmillan.
Bernanke, Ben (1983), “Nonmonetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression,” American Economic Review 73, pp. 257–276.
Bernanke, Ben, Thomas Laubach, Frederic Mishkin and Adam Posen (1999), Inflation Targeting: Lessons from the International Experience, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Bernanke, Ben and Frederic Mishkin (1997), “Inflation Targeting: A New Framework for Monetary Policy?” Journal of Economic Perspectives 11, pp. 97–116.
Bernanke, Ben (2000a), Essays on the Great Depression, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Bernanke, Ben (2000b), “Japanese Monetary Policy: A Case of Self-Induced Paralysis?” in Adam Posen and Ryoichi Mikitani (eds), Japan’s Financial Crisis and its Parallels to U.S. Experience, Special Report no.13, Washington, D.C.: Institute for International Economics, pp. 146–166.
Bernanke, Ben (2002a), “Deflation: Making Sure ‘It’ Doesn’t Happen Here,” Remarks before the National Economists Club, Washington, D.C. (21 November), http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2002/20021121/default.htm.
Bernanke, Ben (2002b), “Remarks by Governor Ben S. Bernanke on the Occasion of Milton Friedman’s Ninetieth Birthday,” University of Chicago, Chicago IL (8 November), http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2002/20021108/default.htm.
Bernanke, Ben (2005), “The Global Savings Glut and the U.S. Current Account Deficit,” Remarks delivered on the occasion of the Homer Jones Lecture, St. Louis (14 April), http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2005/20050414/.
Bernanke, Ben (2007), “The Economic Outlook,” Testimony before the Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Congress, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (28 March), http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/testimony/bernanke20070328a.htm.
Bernanke, Ben (2008), “U.S. Financial Markets,” Testimony of Chairman Ben S. Bernanke Before the Committee on Financial Services, U.S. House of Representatives (24 September), http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/testimony/bernanke20080923a1.htm,
Bernanke, Ben (2013a), “Stress Testing Banks: What Have We Learned?” Speech at the ‘Maintaining Financial Stability: Holding a Tiger by the Tail,” Financial Markets Conference, Stone Mountain, GA (8 April), http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20130408a.htm.
Bernanke, Ben (2013b), “Monitoring the Financial System,” Speech at the 49th Annual Conference on Bank Structure and Competition sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Chicago IL (10 May), http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20130510a.htm.
Bernanke, Ben, Thomas Laubach, Frederic Mishkin and Adam Posen (1998), Inflation Targeting: Lessons from the International Experience, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Best, Gary Dean (1991), Pride, Prejudice and Politics: Roosevelt versus Recovery 1933–1938, Westport, CT: Praeger.
Bishop, Graham (1992), “The EC’s Public Debt Disease: Discipline with Credit Spreads and Cure with Price Stability,” in D. E. Fair and Christian Boissieu (eds), Fiscal Policy, Taxation and the Financial System in an Increasingly Integrated Europe, Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 207–234.
Blanchard, Olivier and Daniel Leigh (2013), “Growth Forecast Errors and Fiscal Multipliers,” American Economic Review 103, pp. 117–120.
Blancheton, Bertrand (2012), “The False Balance Sheets of the Bank of France and the Origins of the Franc Crisis, 1924–26,” Accounting History Review 22, pp. 1–22.
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2013), “FOMC: Transcripts and Other Historical Materials, 2007,” Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomchistorical2007.htm Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2014), “FOMC: Transcripts and Other Historical Materials, 2008,” Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomchistorical2008.htm Bolton, Patrick, Xavier Freixas and Joel Shapiro (2012), “The Credit Ratings Game,” Journal of Finance 67, pp. 85–112.
Bonin, Hubert (1996), “Oustric, un financier prédateur (1914–1930),” Revue historique 295, pp. 429–448.
Borchardt, Knut (1991), Perspectives on Modern German Economic History and Policy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Boudreaux, Donald (2011), “Becoming More Certain about the Role of Regime Uncertainty,” CATO Unbound (20 December), http://www.cato-unbound.org/2011/12/20/donald-j-boudreaux/becoming-more-certain-about-the-role-of-regime-uncertainty/.
Boyd, Roddy (2011), Fatal Risk: A Cautionary Tale of AIG’s Corporate Suicide, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Boyes, Roger (2009), Meltdown Iceland: Lessons on the World Financial Crisis from a Small Bankrupt Island, New York: Bloomsbury USA.
Bradford, Colin and Johannes Linn (2010), “The April 2009 London G-20 Summit in Retrospect,” Brookings Institution Opinion (5 April), http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2010/04/05-g20-summit-linn.
Brandeis, Louis (1914), Other People’s Money – and How the Bankers Use It, New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co.
Bratter, Herbert (1941), “The Committee for the Nation: A Case History in Monetary Propaganda,” Journal of Political Economy 49, pp. 531–553.
Broadberry, Stephen and Nicholas Crafts (2010), “Openness, Protectionism and Britain’s Productivity Performance over the Long Run,” Working Paper no. 36, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, University of Warwick (December).
Brooker, Katrina (2010), “Citi’s Founder, Alone with His Regrets,” New York Times (2 January), http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/business/economy/03weill.html?pagewanted=all.
Brooks, John (1969), Once in Galconda: A True Drama of Wall Street, 1920–1938, New York: Allworth Press.
Brown, E. Cary (1956), “Fiscal Policy in the ‘Thirties: A Reappraisal,” American Economic Review 46, pp. 857–879.
Brown, Gordon (2010), Beyond the Crash: Overcoming the First Crisis of Globalization, New York: Free Press.
Brunner, Robert and Sean Carr (2007), The Panic of 1907: Lessons Learned from the Market’s Perfect Storm, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Buiter, Willem, Giancarlo Corsetti, and Nouriel Roubini (1993), “Excessive Deficits: Sense and Nonsense in the Treaty of Maastricht,” Economic Policy 8, pp. 57–100.
Buiter, Willem and Anne Sibert (2005), “How the Eurosystem’s Treatment of Collateral in its Open Market Operations Weakens Fiscal Discipline in the Eurozone (and What to Do About It),” CEPR Discussion Paper no. 5387, London: Center for Economic Policy Research.
Bullard, James (2010), “Seven Faces of ‘The Peril’,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review (September-October), pp. 339–352.
Bullard, James (2013), “The Notorious Summer of 2008,” Presentation to the University of Arkansas Quarterly Business Analysis Luncheon, Rogers, Arkansas (21 November), http://research.stlouisfed.org/econ/bullard/pdf/Bullard_NWArkansas_2013November21_Final.pdf.
Burner, David (2009), Herbert Hoover: A Public Life, Newtown, CT: American Political Biography Press.
Burns, Arthur and Wesley Mitchell (1946), Measuring Business Cycles, Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
Butkiewicz, James (1995), “The Impact of a Lender of Last Resort during the Great Depression: The Case of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation,” Explorations in Economic History 32, pp. 197–216.
Calomiris, Charles and R. Glenn Hubbard (1995), “Internal Finance and Investment: Evidence from the Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936–1937,” Journal of Business 68, pp. 443–482.
Calomiris, Charles, Joseph Mason and David Wheelock (2011), “Did Doubling Reserve Requirements Cause the Recession of 1937–1938? A Microeconomic Approach,” Working Paper 2011–002, St. Louis: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (January).
Calomiris, Charles and Eugene White (1994), “The Origins of Federal Deposit Insurance,” in Claudia Goldin and Gary Libecap (eds), The Regulated Economy: A Historical Approach to Political Economy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 145–188.
Campa, José (1990), “Exchange Rates and Economic Recovery in the 1930s: An Extension to Latin America,” Journal of Economic History 50, pp. 667–682.
Canlin, Li and Min Wei (2012), “Term Structure Modeling with Supply Factors and the Federal Reserve’s Large Scale Asset Purchase Programs,” Finance and Economic Discussion Series 2012–37, Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (May). http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/feds/2012/201237/201237abs.html.
Capie, Forrest and Alan Weber (1985), A Monetary History of the United Kingdom 1870–1982, London: Allen & Unwin.
Carey, Kevin (1999), “Investigating a Debt Channel for the Smoot-Hawley Tariff: Evidence from the Sovereign Bond Market,” Journal of Economic History 59, pp. 748–761.
Cargill, Thomas and Thomas Mayer (2006), “The Effect of Changes in Reserve Requirements During the 1930s: The Evidence from Nonmember Banks,” Journal of Economic History 66, pp. 417–432.
Cecchetti, Stephen (1992), “Prices during the Great Depression: Was the Deflation of 1930–1932 Really Unanticipated?” American Economic Review 82, pp. 141–156.
Center for Responsible Lending (2008), “Unfair and Unsafe: How Countrywide’s Irresponsible Practices Have Harmed Borrowers and Shareholders,” CRL Issue Paper, Durham, NC: Center for Responsible Lending (7 Feburary). http://www.responsiblelending.org/mortgage-lending/research-analysis/unfair-and-unsafe-countrywide-white-paper.pdf.
Chandlere, Alfred (1990), Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism, Cambridge: Belknap Press for Harvard University Press.
Chodorow-Reich, Gabriel, Laura Feiveson, Zachary Liscow and William Gui Woolston (2012), “Does State Fiscal Relief During Recessions Increase Employment? Evidence from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act,” American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, pp. 118–145.
Chote, Robert (2013), “Forecast Evaluation Report 2013,” London: Office for Budgt Responsibility (9 October), http://budgetresponsibility.org.uk/wordpress/docs/FER2013_briefingslides.pdf.
Clarke, Stephen O. (1967), Central Bank Cooperation, 1924–1931, New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Cohan, William (2009), House of Cards: A Tale of Hubris and Wretched Excess on Wall Street, New York: Doubleday Books.
Cole, Harold and Lee Ohanian (2004), “New Deal Policies and the Persistence of the Great Depression: A General Equilibrium Analysis,” Journal of Political Economy 112, pp. 779–816.
Commission of Investigation into the Banking Sector in Ireland (2011), “Misjudging Risk: Causes of the Systemic Banking Crisis in Ireland,” Dublin: Commission of Investigation into the Banking Sector in Ireland, Dept. of Finance (March).
Committee on Finance and Industry (Macmillan Committee) (1931), Report of Committee on Finance and Industry (Cmd. 3897), London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
Condon, Christopher (2011), “Fed Made State Street Profitable as Money-Fund Middleman in ’08,” Bloomberg News (23 August), http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011–08–23/fed-made-state-street-profitable-as-money-fund-middleman-in-08.html.
Congressional Budget Office (2010), “Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output from April 2010 through June 2010,” Publication number 21671, Washington, D.C.: Congressional Budget Office (24 August), http://www.cbo.gov/publication/21671.
Congressional Budget Office (2013), “The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2013 to 2023,” Washington, D.C.: CBO (5 February), http://www.cbo.gov/publication/43907.
Courtemanche, Charles and Kenneth Snowden (2011), “Repairing a Mortgage Crisis: HOLC Lending and its Impact on Local Housing Markets,” Journal of Economic History 71, pp. 307–337.
Covitz, Daniel, Nellie Liang and Gustavo Suarez (2009), “The Anatomy of a Financial Crisis: The Evolution of Panic-Driven Runs in the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Market,” Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (January).
Crafts, Nicholas (2013a), “Escaping Liquidity Traps: Lessons from the UK’s 1930s Escape,” Vox (12 May), http://www.voxeu.org/article/escaping-liquidity-traps-lessons-uk-s-1930s-escape.
Crafts, Nicholas (2013b), “The Eurozone: If Only it Were the 1930s,” Vox (13 December), http://www.voxeu.org/article/eurozone-if-only-it-were-1930s.
Crafts, Nicholas and Peter Fearon (2010), “A Recession to Remember: Lessons from the US, 1937–1938,” Vox (23 November), http://www.voxeu.org/article/recession-remember-lessons-us-1937–1938.
Curcio, Vincent (2000), Chrysler: The Life and Times of an Automotive Genius, New York: Oxford University Press.
Dagher, Jihad and Ning Fu (2012), “What Fuels the Booms Drives the Busts: Regulation and the Mortgage Crisis,” Working Paper no. 11/215, Washington, D.C.: IMF (September).
DeGrauwe, Paul and Yuemei Ji (2013), “Panic-Driven Austerity in the Eurozone and its Implications,” Vox (21 February), http://www.voxeu.org/article/panic-driven-austerity-eurozone-and-its-implications.
DeLong, Gayle (1998), “Domestic and International Bank Mergers: The Gains from Focusing Versus Diversifying,” unpublished manuscript, Stern School of Business, New York University.
DeLong, J. Bradford and Lawrence Summers (1986), “Is Increased Price Flexibility Stabilizing?” American Economic Review 76, pp. 1031–1044.
DeLong, J. Bradford and Lawrence Summers (1990), “Price-Level ‘Flexibility’ and the Coming of the New Deal: Reply to Sumner,” Cato Journal 9, pp. 729–735.
Dembe, Allard and Leslie Boden (2000), “Moral Hazard: A Question of Morality?” New Solutions 10, pp. 257–279.
Deutsche Börse Group (2012), “Germany: Senior Coalition Member Argues for Greek Euro Exit” (24 July), https://mninews.marketnews.com/content/update-germanysenior-coal-member-argues-greek-euro-exit.
Diaz-Alejandro, Carlos (1970), Essays on the Economic History of the Argentine Republic, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Dokko, Jane, Brian Doyle, Michael Kiley, Jinill Kim, Shane Sherlund, Jae Sim, and Skander van den Heuvel (2011), “Monetary Policy and the Housing Bubble,” Economic Policy 26, pp. 237–287.
Donovan, Donal and Antoin Murphy (2013), The Fall of the Celtic Tiger, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dullien, Sebastian and Ulrike Guérot (2012), “The Long Shadow of Ordoliberalism: Germany’s Approach to the Euro Crisis,” European Council on Foreign Relations Policy Brief 49 (February).
Dwyer, Gerald (2011), “Economic Effects of Banking Crises: A Bit of Evidence from Iceland and Ireland,” Center for Financial Innovation and Stability, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlantic (March).
Eccles, Marriner (1951), Beckoning Frontiers, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Eggertsson, Gauti (2008), “Great Expectations and the End of the Depression,” American Economic Review 98, pp. 1476–1516.
Eichengreen, Barry 91981), “A Dynamic Model of Tariffs, Output and Employment under Flexible Exchange Rates,” Journal of International Economics 11, pp. 341–359.
Eichengreen, Barry (1993), “European Monetary Unification,” Journal of Economic Literature 31, pp. 1321–1357.
Eichengreen, Barry and Marc Flandreau (2009), “The Rise and Fall of the Dollar, or When Did the Dollar Replace Sterling as the Leading International Currency?” European Review of Economic History 13, pp. 277–411.
Eichengreen, Barry and Douglas Irwin (1998), “The Role of History in Bilateral Trade Flows,” in Jeffrey Frankel (ed.), The Regionalization of the World Economy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 33–62.
Eichengreen, Barry and Kevin O’Rourke (2010), “A Tale of Two Depressions: What Do the New Data Tell Us?” Vox (8 March), http://www.voxeu.org/article/tale-two-depressions-what-do-new-data-tell-us-february-2010-update.
Einzig, Paul (1931), The Fight for Financial Supremacy, London: Keagan Paul, Trench, Trüber and Co.
Erlanger, Steven and Matthew Saltmarsh (2010), “Greek Debt Crisis Raises Doubts About the European Union,” New York Times (7 March), http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/08/world/europe/08europe.html.
European Central Bank (2005), “Introductory Statement with Q&A” (1 December), http://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pressconf/2005/html/is051201.en.html.
European Central Bank (2007), “EU Banking Sector Stability,” Frankfurt: European Central Bank (14 November).
European Central Bank (various years), Annual Report, Frankfurt: European Central Bank.
European Commission (2009), “Memorandum of Understanding Between the European Commission and Ireland,” Brussels: European Commission (16 December).
European Commission (2010), “The Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece,” Occasional Paper 61, Brussels: Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs (May).
European Commission (2013), “Public Opinion in the European Union: First Results,” Standard Eurobarometer 79 (Spring 2013), Brussels: European Commission, http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb79/eb79_first_en.pdf.
Farrell, Greg (2010), Crash of the Titans: Greed, Hubris, the Fall of Merrill Lynch, and the Near-Collapse of Bank of America, New York: Crown Business.
Federal Reserve Bank of New York (1932), Seventeenth Annual Report of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for the Year Ended December 31, 1931, New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Fedeeral Reserve Board (2002), “FOMC Meeting Transcript,” http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomchistorical2002.htm.
Federal Reserve Board (2009), “Press Release: Release Date July 23, 2009,” http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/press/bcreg/20090723a.htm.
Federal Reserve Board (2013), Monetary Policy Report, Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (17 July), http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/files/20130717_mprfullreport.pdf.
Ferguson, Thomas and Peter Temin (2003), “Made in Germany: The German Currency Crisis of 1931,” Research in Economic History 21, pp. 1–53.
Fettig, David (2002), “Lender of More Than Last Resort: Recalling Section 13(b) and the Years when the Federal Reserve Opened its Discount Window to Businesses,” The Region, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (December), pp. 15–47.
Feyrer, James and Bruce Sacerdote (2011), “Did the Stimulus Stimulate? Real Time Estimates of the Effects of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act,” NBER Working Paper no. 16759 (February).
Field, Alexander (2011), A Great Leap Forward: 1930s Depression and U.S. Economic Growth, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (2011), The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office (January).
Fishback, Price, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes, William Horrace, Shawn Kantor and Jaret Treber (2011), “The Influence of the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation on Housing Markets During the 1930s,” Review of Financial Studies 24, pp. 1782–1813.
Fishback, Price, Jonathan Rose and Kenneth Snowden (2013), Well Worth Saving: How the New Deal Safeguarded Homeownership, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Fisher, Irving (1911), The Purchasing Power of Money: Its Determination and Relation to Credit, Interest and Crises, New York: Macmillan.
Fisher, Irving (1933), “The Debt-Deflation Theory of Great Depressions,” Econometrica 1, pp. 337–357.
Fishlow, Albert (1972), “Origins and Consequences of Import Substitution in Brazil,” in Luis Eugenio di Marco (ed.), International Economics and Development, Essays in Honor of Raúl Prebisch, New York: Academic Press, pp. 311–365 Flandreau, Marc, Norbert Gaillard and Ugo Panizza (2010), “Conflicts of Interest, Reputation, and the Interwar Debt Crisis: Banksters or Bad Luck?” CEPR Working Paper no. 7705 (February).
Frankel, Jeffrey (1986), “Expectations and Commodity Price Dynamics: The Overshooting Model,” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 68, pp. 344–348.
Friedman, Milton (1958), “The Supply of Money and Changes in Prices and Output,” in 85th Congress, 2ⁿd Session, Joint Economic Committee, The Relationship of Prices to Economic Stability and Growth: Compendium of Papers Submitted by Panelists Appearing before the Joint Economic Committee, Hearings before the Joint Economic Committee, 12–22 May, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Friedman, Milton and Anna J. Schwartz (1963), A Monetary History of the United States, 1867–1960, Princeton: Princeton University Press for the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Friedman, Milton and Anna J. Schwartz (1982), Monetary Trends in the United States and United Kingdom: Their Relation to Income, Prices, and Interest Rates, 1867–1975,” Chicago: University of Chicago Press for the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Gagnon, Joseph, Matthew Raskin, Julie Remache and Brian Sack (2010), “Large-Scale Asset Purchases by the Federal Reserve: Did They Work?” Staff Report no. 441, New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York (March).
Galbraith, John Kenneth (1952), American Capitalism: The Concept of Countervailing Power, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Geanakoplos, John (2010), “The Leverage Cycle,” NBER Macroeconomics Annual 24, pp. 1–65.
Giethner Timothy (2014) Stress Test: Reflections on the Financial Crises. New York: Crown.
George, Paul (1986), “Brokers, Binders and Builders: Greater Miami’s Boom of the Mid-1920s,” Florida Historical Quarterly 65, pp. 27–51.
Gilbert, R. Alton (1986), “Requiem for Regulation Q: What It Did and Why It Passed Away,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review (February), pp. 22–37.
Goetzmann, William and Frank Newman (2010), “Securitization in the 1920s,” NBER Working Paper no. 15650 (January).
Goldstein, Morris and Geoffrey Woglom (1992), “Market-Based Fiscal Discipline in Monetary Unions: Evidence from the U.S. Municipal Bond Market,” in Matthew Canzoneri, Vittorio Grilli and Paul Masson (eds), Establishing a Central Bank: Issues in Europe and Lessons from the US, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 228–270.
Gorton, Gary and Andrew Metrick (2012), “Getting Up to Speed on the Financial Crisis: A One-Weekend Reader’s Guide,” NBER Working Paper no. 17778 (January).
Gorton, Gary and Nicholas Souleles (2007), “Special Purpose Vehicles and Securitization,” in Mark Carey and Rene Stulz (eds), The Risks of Financial Institutions, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 549–597.
Greenspan, Alan (2005), “Economic Flexibility,” Remarks by Chairman Alan Greenspan Before the National Italian American Foundation, Washington, D.C. (12 October), http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2005/20051012/.
Greenspan, Alan (2009), “The Fed Didn’t Cause the Housing Bubble,” Wall Street Journal (11 March), http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123672965066989281.html.
Hall, Stephen, P.A.V.B. Swamy and George Tavlas (2012), “Milton Friedman, the Demand for Money, and the ECB’s Monetary Policy Rule,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review (May/June), pp. 153–185.
Hamilton, David (1985), “The Causes of the Banking Panic of 1930: Another View,” Journal of Southern History 51, pp. 581–608.
Hamilton, James (1992), “Was the Deflation During the Great Depression Anticipated? Evidence from the Commodity Futures Market,” American Economic Review 82, pp. 157–178.
Harris, Roy (2010), Pulitzer’s Gold: Behind the Prize for Public Service Journalism, Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press.
Hausman, Joshua (2012), “What Was Bad for GM Was Bad for America: The Automobile Industry and the 1937–38 Recession,” unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley.
Hawtrey, Ralph (1938), A Century of Bank Rate, London: Longmans, Green.
Hawtrey, Ralph (1962), The Art of Central Banking, London: Cass.
Henry, Laurin (1960), Presidential Transitions, Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.
Higgs, Robert (1997), “Regime Uncertainty: Why the Great Depression Lasted So Long and Why Prosperity Resumed after the War,” Independent Review 1, pp. 561–590.
Hitzik, Michael (2011), The New Deal, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Hodson, H. V. (1932), “Nemesis: the Financial Outcome of the Postwar Years,” in Arnold Toynbee (ed.), Survey of International Affairs, 1931, London: Oxford University Press, pp. 161–242.
Hoover, Herbert (1951), The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover: The Great Depression, New York: Macmillan.
House of Commons Treasury Committee (2008), “The Run on the Rock,” Fifth Report of Session 2007–8, Vol. 1, HC56–1 (26 January).
Howson, Susan (1975), Domestic Monetary Management in Britain, 1919–38, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Howson, Susan (1980), “Sterling’s Managed Float: The Operations of the Exchange Equalisation Account, 1932–39,” Princeton Studies in International Finance no. 46, International Finance Section, Department of Economics, Princeton University (November).
Hyman, Sidney (1976), Marriner S. Eccles: Private Entrepreneur and Public Servant, Stanford: Stanford University Graduate School of Business Press.
Ide, Eisaku (2003), “Policy Debates on Public Finance between the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Japan from 1930 to 1936,” Monetary and Economic Studies, Tokyo: Bank of Japan (December), pp. 87–104 International Monetary Fund (2006), “Ireland: Financial System Stability Assessment Update,” IMF Country Report No. 06/292 (August).
International Monetary Fund (2010), “Will It Hurt? Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation,” World Economic Outlook (October), pp. 93–124.
International Monetary Fund (2011a), “Concluding Statement of the 2013 Article IV Mission to the United States of America,” Washington, D.C.: IMF (14 June), http://www.imf.org/external/np/ms/2013/061413.htm.
International Monetary Fund (2011b), “Greece: Fourth Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Request for Modification and Waiver of Applicability of Performance Criteria,” IMF Country Report No. 11/175 (July).
International Monetary Fund (2012), “United Kingdom: 2012 Article IV Consultation,” IMF Country Report no. 12/190, Washington, D.C.: IMF (July).
International Monetary Fund (2013a), “United States: 2013 Article IV Consultation,” IMF Country Report no. 13/236, Washington, D.C.: IMF (July).
International Monetary Fund (2013b), “Greece: Ex Post Evaluation of Exceptional Access under the 2010 Stand-By Arrangement,” IMF Country Report no. 13/156 (June).
International Swaps and Derivatives Association (2010), “ISDA Market Survey,” New York: ISDA. http://www.ISDA.org/statistics/pdf/ISDA-Market-Survey-annual-data.pdf.
Irwin, Douglas (2011), Peddling Protectionism: Smoot-Hawley and the Great Depression, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Irwin, Douglas (2012), “Gold Sterilization and the Recession of 1937–38,” Financial History Review 19, pp. 249–267.
Irwin, Neil (2013), The Alchemists: Three Central Bankers and a World on Fire, New York: Penguin Press.
Jacobson, Elizabeth (2009), “I Have a Dream House,” Harper’s Magazine (September), pp. 21–24.
Jackson, Julian (1985), The Politics of Depression in France 1932–1936, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jalil, Andrew (2012), “Monetary Intervention Really Did Mitigate Banking Panics During the Great Depression: Evidence Along the Atlanta Federal Reserve District Border,” unpublished manuscript, Occidental College (July).
Jones, Erik (2002), The Politics of Economic and Monetary Union: Integration and Idiosyncrasy, New York: Rowman and Littlefield.
Jones, Jesse (1951), Fifty Billion Dollars: My Thirteen Years with the RFC (1932–1945), New York: The Macmillan Company.
Jonsson, Asgeir (2009), Why Iceland? How One of the World’s Smallest Countries Became the Meltdown’s Biggest Casualty, New York: McGraw Hill.
JP Morgan Chase (2009), “Letter to Shareholders,” New York: JP Morgan Chase (23 March), http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/ONE/2134500646x0x283417/92060ed3–3393-43a5-a3c1–178390c6eac5/2008_AR_Letter_to_shareholders.pdf.
Kacperczyk, Marcin and Philipp Schnabl (2010), “When Safe Proved Risky: Commercial Paper during the Financial Crisis of 2007–2009,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 24, pp. 29–50.
Kaiser, Robert (2013), Act of Congress: How America’s Essential Institution Works, and How it Doesn’t, New York: Knopf.
Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem, Bent Sorensen and Sevcan Yesiltas (2012), “Leverage across Firms, Banks and Countries,” Journal of International Economics 88, pp. 284–298.
Katznelson, Ira (2013), Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of our Time, New York: Liveright Publishing.
Kaufman, Ted (2013), “Happy Birthday to Dodd-Frank, a Law that Isn’t Working,” Wilmington News Journal (20 July), http://www.delawareonline.com/article/20130721/OPINION1805/307210017/Ted-Kaufman-Happy-birthday-Dodd-Frank-law-isn-t-working.
Keeton, William (1990), “Small and Large Bank Views of Deposit Insurance: Today vs. the 1930s,” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Review 75 (September-October), pp. 23–35.
Keiger, J. F. V. (1997), Raymond Poincaré, New York: Cambridge University Press.
Kenen, Peter (1969), “The Theory of Optimum Currency Areas: An Eclectic View,” in Robert Mundell and Alexander Swoboda (eds), Monetary Problems of the International Economy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 41–60.
Kennedy, David (1999), Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929–1945, New York: Oxford University Press.
Kennedy, Susan Eastabrook (1973), The Banking Crisis of 1933, Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky.
Keynes, John Maynard (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace, London: Macmillan.
Keynes, John Maynard (1923), A Tract on Monetary Reform, London: Macmillan.
Keynes, John Maynard (1929), “The German Transfer Problem,” Economic Journal 39, pp. 1–7.
Keynes, John Maynard (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, London: Macmillan.
Kindleberger, Charles (1989), “Commercial Policy between the Wars,” in Peter Matthias and Sydney Pollard (eds), The Cambridge Economic History of Europe VIII: The Industrial Economies: The Development of Economic and Social Policies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 161–196.
Klein, Maury (2001), Rainbow’s End: The Crash of 1929, New York: Oxford University Press.
Koch, Cynthia (2006), “A ‘New’ FDR Emerges: Historians, Teachers, Authors Take a Fresh, Sometimes Critical Look at Roosevelt,” Prologue: The Journal of the National Archives 38, pp. 16–28.
Kohn, Donald (2009), “Monetary Policy and Asset Prices Revisited,” Cato Journal 29, pp. 31–44.
Kotlikoff, Laurence (2010), Jimmy Stewart is Dead: Ending the World’s Ongoing Financial Plague with Limited Purpose Banking, New York: Wiley.
Krippner, Leo (2012), “Yield Curve Modeling and Monetary Policy in Zero Lower Bound Environments,” unpublished manuscript, Reserve Bank of New Zealand (October).
Krithnamurthy, Arvind and Annette Vissing-Jorgensen (2011), “The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Interest Rates: Channels and Implications for Policy,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Fall), pp. 215–265.
Kuttner, Robert (2013), Debtor’s Prison: The Politics of Austerity Versus Possibility, New York: Knopf.
Lacker, Jeffrey (2013), “Economic Outlook, May 2013,” Speech to the Risk Management Association, Richmond Chapter, Richmond VA (3 May), http://www.richmondfed.org/press_room/speeches/president_jeff_lacker/2013/lacker_speech_20130503.cfm.
Lacouture, Jean (1982), Léon Blum, Teaneck, NJ: Holmes & Meier.
Laeven, Luc and Fabian Valencia (2012), “Resolution of Banking Crises: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly,” unpublished manuscript, IMF (August), http://www.imf.org/external/np/seminars/eng/2012/fincrises/pdf/ch13.pdf.
Lane, Philip and Barbara Pels (2012), “Current Account Imbalances in Europe,” CEPR Discussion Paper 8958 (May).
Leuchtenburg, William (ed.) (1968), The New Deal: A Documentary History, Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
Lewis, Cleona (1938), America’s Stake in Foreign Investments, Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution.
Lewis, Michael (2009), “Wall Street on the Tundra,” Vanity Fair (April), Issue 584, pp. 140–177.
Lewis, Michael (2010), The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine, New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Lloyd George, David (1932), The Truth About Reparations and War Debts, London: William Heinemann.
Lumley, Darwyn (2009), Breaking the Banks in Motor City: The Auto Industry, the 1933 Detroit Banking Crisis and the Start of the New Deal, Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
Lyons, Tom and Brian Carey (2011), The FitzPatrick Tapes: The Rise and Fall of One Man, One Bank and One Country, Dublin: Penguin Ireland.
Manley, P. S. (1973), “Gerard Lee Bevan and the City Equitable Companies,” Abacus 9, pp. 107–115.
Manley, P. S. (1976), “Clarence Hatry,” Abacus 12, pp. 49–60.
Marchand, David (1991), “The Corporation Nobody Knew: Bruce Barton, Alfred Sloan, and the Founding of the General Motors ‘Family’,” Business History Review 65, pp. 825–875.
May, Ernest (1983), ‘Lessons’ of the Past: The Use and Misuse of History in American Foreign Policy, New York: Oxford University Press.
Mayer, Gerald (2004), “Union Membership Trends in the United States,” Congressional Research Service Federal Publication no. 8–31–2004, Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service (August).
McBeth, Brian (1983), Juan Vicente Gómez and the Oil Companies in Venezuela, 1908–1935, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McCabe, Patrick (2010), “The Cross Section of Money Market Fund Risks and Financial Crises,” Finance and Economic Discussion Series no. 2010–51, Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (September).
McCabe, Patrick, Marco Piriani, Michael Holscher and Antoine Martin (2012), “The Minimum Balance at Risk: A Proposal to Mitigate the Systemic Risks Posed by Money Market Funds,” Staff Report no. 564, New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York (July).
McFerrin, John (1969), Caldwell and Company: A Southern Financial Empire, Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press.
McDonald, Lawrence and Patrick Robinson (2009), A Colossal Failure of Common Sense: The Inside Story of the Collapse of Lehman Brothers, New York: Crown Business.
McKay, David (1996), Rush to Union: Understanding the European Federal Bargain, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
McKenney, Ruth (1939), Industrial Valley, New York: Harcourt, Brace.
McLean, Bethany and Joe Nocera (2010), All the Devils are Here: The Hidden History of the Financial Crisis, New York: Portfolio.
Meltzer, Allan (2003), A History of the Federal Reserve, Volume 1: 1913–1951, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Merrick, George (1920), Song of the Wind on a Southern Shore and Other Poems of Florida, Boston: The Four Seas Company.
Mian, Atif and Amir Sufi (2009), “The Consequences of Mortgage Credit Expansion: Evidence from the U.S. Mortgage Default Crisis,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 124, pp. 1449–1496.
Miller, A. C. (1935), “Responsibility for Federal Reserve Policies 1927–29, American Economic Review 25, pp. 442–457.
Mills, Ogden (1936), Liberalism Fights On, New York: Macmillan.
Miron, Jeffrey and Christina Romer (1990), “A New Monthly Index of Industrial Production, 1884–1940,” Journal of Economic History 50, pp. 321–337.
Mitchener, Kris and Kirsten Wandschneider (2013), “Capital Controls and Recovery from the Financial Crisis of the 1930s,” CAGE Working Paper no. 132, Department of Economics, University of Warwick (June).
Moggridge, Donald (1969), The Return to Gold, 1925: The Formulation of Economic Policy and its Critics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Moley, Raymond (1939), After Seven Years, New York: Harper & Brothers.
Moley, Raymond (1966), The First New Deal, New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Mommsen, Hans and Elborg Forster (1998), The Rise and Fall of Weimar Democracy, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Moreau, Emile (1991), The Golden Franc: Memoirs of a Governor of the Bank of France: The Stabilization of the Franc, 1926–1928, translated by Stephen D. Stoller and Trvor C. Roberts. Boulder: Westview Press.
Morelli, Carlo (2011), “Jute, Firm Survival and British Industrial Policy: Government Action under Globalization,” in Maki Umemura and Rika Fujioka (eds), Comparative Responses to Globalization: Experiences of British and Japanese Enterprises, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, UK, pp. 141–158.
Morgenson, Gretchen (2007), “Inside the Countrywide Lending Spree,” New York Times (26 August).
Morgenson, Gretchen (2008), “Behind Insurer’s Crisis, Blind Eye to a Web of Risk,” New York Times (September 28), p. A1.
Morgenson, Gretchen and Joshua Rosner (2011), Reckless Endangerment: How Outsized Ambition, Greed and Corruption Led to Economic Armageddon, New York: Times Books.
Morrison, James (2013), “Shocking Intellectual Austerity: The Role of Ideas in the Demise of the Gold Standard in Britain,” unpublished manuscript, Politics Department, Princeton University (March).
Mouré, Kenneth (1991), Managing the Franc Poincaré: Economic Understanding and Political Constraint in French Monetary Policy, 1928–1938, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mouré, Kenneth (2002),”The Bank of France and the Gold Standard,” in Marc Flandreau, Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich and Harold James (eds), International Financial History in the Twentieth Century: System and Anarchy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
Mullaly, Erin (2009), “Lusitania’s Secret Cargo,” Archaeology 62 (January/February), http://archive.archaeology.org/0901/trenches/lusitania.html.
Murray, Shailagh and Paul Kane (2009), “Congress Passes Stimulus Package,” Washington Post (14 February), http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/13/AR2009021301596.html?sid=ST2009021302017.
Nadler, Marcus and Jules Bogen (1933), The Banking Crisis: The End of an Epoch, New York: Dodd, Mead & Company.
Nanto, Dick and Shinji Takagi (1985), “Korekiyo Takahashi and Japan’s Recovery from the Great Depression,” American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 75, pp. 369–374.
Nichols, Jeanette (1951), “Roosevelt’s Monetary Diplomacy in 1933,” American Historical Review 56, pp. 295–317.
Nurkse, Ragnar (1944), International Currency Experience, Geneva: League of Nations.
O’Brien, Anthony Patrick (1992), “The Failure of the Bank of United States: A Defense of Joseph Lucia,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 24, pp. 374–384.
Obstfeld, Maurice and Kenneth Rogoff (2010), ”Global Imbalances and the Financial Crisis: Products of Common Causes,” in Reuven Glick and Mark Spiegel (eds), Asia and the Global Financial Crisis, San Francisco: Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, pp. 131–172.
Ohlin, Bertil (1929), “The Reparation Problem: A Discussion,” Economic Journal 39, pp. 172–182.
Oliver, Willard and Nancy Marion (2010), Killing the President: Assassinations, Attempts and Rumored Attempts on U.S. Commanders-in-Chief, Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC–Clio LLC.
Oliver Wyman (2012), “Asset Quality Review and Bottom-Up Stress Test Exercise,” (28 September). Madrid: Oliver Wyman.
Olson, James Stuart (1977), Herbert Hoover and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 1931–1933, Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.
Orde, Anne (1980), “The Origins of the German-Austrian Customs Union Affair of 1931,” Central European History 13, pp. 34–59.
Osborne, George (2010), “A New Economic Model,” in Forrest Capie and Geoffrey Woods (eds), Policy Makers on Policy: The Mais Lectures, Oxon, UK: Routledge, pp. 209–220.
Park, Haelim and Patrick Van Horn (2013), “Did the Reserve Requirement Increases of 1936–1937 Reduce Bank Lending? Evidence from a Natural Experiment,” unpublished manuscript, U.S. Department of Treasury and Southwestern University.
Parks, Arva Moore (2006), George Merrick’s Coral Gables, Miami: Ponce Circle Development LLC.
Partnoy, Frank (2009), The Match King, New York: Public Affairs Books.
Paul, Ron (2008), “A Fistful of Euros,” Texas Straight Talk, http://paul.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1957&Itemid=69.
Paulson, Henry (2010), On the Brink: Inside the Race to Stop the Collapse of the Global Financial System, New York: Business Plus.
Peppers, Larry (1973), “Full Employment Surplus Analysis and Structural Change: The 1930s,” Explorations in Economic History 10, pp. 197–210.
Peristiani, Stavros (1997), “Do Mergers Improve the X-Efficiency and Scale Efficiency of U.S. Banks? Evidence from the 1980s,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 29, pp. 326–337.
Pescatori, Andrea, Damiano Sandri and John Simon (2014), “Debt and Growth: Is There a Magic Threshold?” IMF Working Paper no. WP14/34 (February).
Philippon, Thomas (2008), “The Evolution of the Financial Industry from 1860 to the Present: Theory and Evidence,” unpublished manuscript, New York University (November).
Phillips, Ronnie (1992), “The ‘Chicago Plan’ and New Deal Banking Reform,” Working Paper no. 76, Annandale-on-Hudson: Jerome Levy Economics Institute of Bard College (June).
Pilloff, Steven (1996), “Performance Changes and Shareholder Wealth Creation Associated with Mergers of Publicly Traded Banking Institutions,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 28, pp. 294–310.
Polanyi, Karl (1944), The Great Transformation, New York: Farrar & Rinehart.
Pontzen, Martin (2009), “Banking Crisis in Germany and the First Step towards Recovery,” Paper presented to Fourth Conference of the Southeast Europe Monetary History Network, Belgrade (27 March).
Provopoulos, George (2012), “Timely Greek Lessons on the Eurozone Crisis,” Financial Times (23 January), http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/1930489c-45c2–11e1–93f1–00144feabdc0.html.
Pusey, Merlo (1951), Charles Evans Hughes, New York: Macmillan.
Pusey, Merlo (1974), Eugene Meyer, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Ranciere, Romain and Aaron Tornell (2009), “Systemic Risk Taking and the U.S. Financial Crisis,” unpublished manuscript, International Monetary Fund and UCLA (September).
Rattner, Steven (2010), Overhaul: An Insider’s Account of the Obama Administration’s Emergency Rescue of the Auto Industry, New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Redford, Polly (1970), Billion-Dollar Sandbar, New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
Rehn, Olli (2012), “Europe Must Stay the Austerity Course,” Financial Times (10 December), http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/35b77c12–42d6–11e2-a3d2–00144feabdc0.html?siteedition=intl#axzz2dqTbdjxR.
Reinhart, Carmen and Kenneth Rogoff (2009a), This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reinhart, Carmen and Kenneth Rogoff (2009b), “The Aftermath of Financial Crises,” American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 99, pp. 466–472.
Reinhart, Carmen and Kenneth Rogoff (2014), “Recovery from Financial Crises: Evidence from 100 Episodes,” NBER Working Paper no. 19823 (January).
Reserve Bank of New Zealand (2013), Financial Stability Report, Wellington: Reserve Bank of New Zealand (November).
Reuters (2007), “Treasury’s Paulson – Subprime Woes Likely Contained,” Reuters (20 April), http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/04/20/usa-subprime-paulson-idUKWBT00686520070420.
Reuters (2012), “JP Morgan Chase’s Bear Stearns Buy Lost Bank $10 Billion, CEO Jamie Dimon Says,” Reuters (10 October), http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/10/jpmorgan-chase-bear-stearns-buy_n_1955285.html.
Rhodes, Stephen (1994), “A Summary of Merger Performance Studies in Banking, 1980–1993,” Staff Studies 167, Washington, D.C.: Federal Reserve Board (July).
Rhodes, William (2011), Banker to the World: Leadership Lessons from the Front Lines of Global Finance, New York: McGraw Hill.
Richardson, Gary and William Troost (2009), “Monetary Intervention Mitigated Banking Panics during the Great Depression: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the Federal Reserve District Border in Mississippi, 1929 to 1933,” Journal of Political Economy 117, pp. 1031–1073.
Ridley, Matt (1993), The Red Queen: Sex and the Evolution of Human Nature, New York: Harper Perennial.
Ritschl, Albrecht (2000), “Deficit Spending in the Nazi Recovery, 1933–1938: A Critical Reassessment,” Working Paper no. 68, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich (December).
Ritschl, Albrecht (2012), “The German Transfer Problem: A Sovereign Debt Perspective,” CEPR Discussion Paper no. 9062 (July).
Ritschl, Albrecht (2013), “Reparations, Deficits and Debt Default: The Great Depression in Germany,” in Nicholas Crafts and Peter Fearon (eds), The Great Depression of the 1930s: Lessons for Today, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 110–139.
Robb, Greg (2013), “Fed’s Fisher Sharpens Attack on QE: Central Bank May Be ‘Pushing on a String’,” MarketWatch (4 June), http://www.marketwatch.com/story/feds-fisher-sharpens-attack-on-qe-2013–06–04.
Rock, William (1969), Neville Chamberlain, New York: Twayne Publishers.
Rogers, Will (1925), “Carl Took Florida from the Alligators and Gave it to the Indianians,” in James Smallwood and Steven Graegert (eds), Will Rogers’ Weekly Letters, Volume 2: The Coolidge Years 1925–1927. Stillwater, OK: Oklahoma State University Press, pp. 86–89, http://www.willrogers.com/papers/weekly/WA-Vol-2.pdf.
Roll, David (2013), The Hopkins Touch: Harry Hopkins and the Forging of the Alliance to Defeat Hitler, New York: Oxford University Press.
Romer, Christina (1992), “What Ended the Great Depression?” Journal of Economic History 52, pp. 757–784.
Romer, Christina (2009a), “The Lessons of 1937,” The Economist (18 June), http://www.economist.com/node/13856176.
Romer, Christina (2009b), “Lessons from the Great Depression for Economic Recovery in 2009.” Presented at the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C. (9 March), http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/events/2009/3/09%20lessons/0309_lessons_romer.pdf.
Roose, Kenneth (1954), The Economics of Recession and Revival, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Rose, Jonathan (2011), “The Incredible HOLC? Mortgage Relief during the Great Depression,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 43, pp. 1073–1107.
Rose, Jonathan and Kenneth Snowden (2013), “The New Deal and the Origins of the Modern American Real Estate Loan Contract,” Explorations in Economic History 50, pp. 548–566.
Roselli, Alessandro (2006), Italy and Albania: Financial Relations in the Fascist Period, London: I. B. Tauris & Co.
Rowley, William (1969), “M. L. Wilson: ‘Believer’ in the Domestic Allotment,” Agricultural History 43, pp. 277–288.
Royal Institute of International Affairs (1931), The International Gold Problem, London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.
Saez, Emmanuel (2013), “Striking it Richer: The Evolution of Top Incomes in the United States (Updated with 2012 Estimates),” unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley (3 September), http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-UStopincomes-2012.pdf.
Sahm, Claudia, Matthew Shapiro and Joel Slemrod (2009), “Household Response to the 2008 Tax Rebate: Survey Evidence and Aggregate Implications,” NBER Working Paper no. 15421 (October).
Sargent, Thomas and Neil Wallace (1981), “Some Unpleasant Monetarist Arithmetic,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 5 (Fall), pp. 1–17.
Schacht, Hjalmar (1955), My First Seventy-Six Years: The Autobiography of Hjalmar Schacht, Translated by Diana Pyke, London: Allan Wingate.
Scheiber, Noam (2011), The Escape Artists: How Obama’s Team Fumbled the Recovery, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Schifferes, Steve (2009), “Lesson for G20 from 1933 London Summit,” BBC News (23 March), http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7954532.stm.
Schubert, Aurel (1991), The Credit-Anstalt Crisis of 1931, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schwartz, Anna (1997), “From Obscurity to Notoriety: A Biography of the Exchange Stabilization Fund,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 29, pp. 135–153.
Seligman, Joel (1982), The Transformation of Wall Street: A History of the Securities and Exchange Commission and Modern Corporate Finance, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Sessa, Frank (1961), “Anti-Florida Propaganda and Counter Measures during the 1920s,” Tequesta 21, pp. 41–51.
Shamir, Haim (1989), Economic Crisis and French Foreign Policy, 1930–1946, Leiden and New York: Brill Academic Publishers.
Shapsmeier, Edward and Frederick Shapsmeier (1968), Henry A. Wallace of Iowa: The Agrarian Years 1910–1940, Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.
Shelp, Ronald and Al Ehrbar (2006), Fallen Giant: The Amazing Story of Hank Greenberg and the History of AIG, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.
Shifrin, Matt (2008), “Hell Bent Innovator,” Forbes (22 September), http://www.forbes.com/2008/09/22/reserve-primary-bent-pf-ii-in_ms_0922money_inl.html.
Shiller, Robert (2006), Irrational Exuberance, Princeton: Princeton University Press (second edition).
Shima, Kinzo (1983), “Iwayuru Takagashi Zaisei Nitsuite,” Kinyu Kenkyo 2, pp. 83–194 [in Japanese].
Shin, Hyun Song (2012), “Global Banking Glut and Loan Risk Premium,” unpublished manuscript, Princeton University (January).
Silber, William (2009), “Why Did FDR’s Bank Holiday Succeed?” Economic Policy Review 15, pp. 19–30.
Simpson, Herbert (1933), “Real Estate Speculation and the Depression,” American Economic Review 23, pp. 163–171.
Sinai, Allen, Peter Orszag and Robert Rubin (2004), “Sustained Budget Deficits: Longer-Run U.S. Economic Performance and the Risk of Financial and Fiscal Disarray,” Paper presented to an AEA-NAEFA Joint Session, Allied Social Science Associations Annual Meetings (5 January), http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2004/01/05budgetdeficit-orszag.
Sirletti, Sonia (2011), “Greek Debt Restructuring Would Jeopardize Rest of Europe, Bini Smaghi Says,” Bloomberg News (18 May), http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011–05–18/greek-debt-restructuring-would-jeopardize-rest-of-europe-bini-smaghi-says.html.
Slack, Donovan (2010), “Donations Poured in as Brown’s Role Grew,” Boston Globe (12 December), http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2010/12/12/banks_donations_soared_as_brown_negotiated/?page=full.
Smeethurst, Richard (2007), From Foot Soldier to Finance Minister: Takahashi Korekiyo, Japan’s Keynes, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press for the Harvard University Asia Center.
Smith, H. D. (1916), “Recent Domestic Architecture from the Designs of John Russell Pope,” The Brickbuilder 25, pp. 189–201.
Sorkin, Andrew Ross (2012), “Reinstating an Old Rule is Not a Cure for Crisis,” Deal Book, New York Times (21 May), http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/05/21/reinstating-an-old-rule-is-not-a-cure-for-crisis/.
Stafford, David (1999), Roosevelt and Churchill: Men of Secrets, Woodstock and New York: Overlook Press.
Stock, James and Mark Watson (2003), “Has the Business Cycle Changed? Evidence and Explanations,” in Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Monetary Policy and Uncertainty, Kansas City: Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, pp. 9–56.
Story, Louise, Landon Thomas and Nelson Schwartz (2010), “Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe’s Crisis,” New York Times (13 February), http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html?pagewanted=1&_r=0&sq=greece&st=cse&scp=2.
Struamann, Tobias and Ulrich Woitek (2009), “A Pioneer in Monetary Policy? Sweden’s Price Level Targeting of the 1930s Revisited,” European Review of Economic History 13, pp. 251–281.
Suarez, Sandra and Robin Kolodny (2011), “Paving the Road to ‘Too Big to Fail’: Business Interests and the Politics of Financial Deregulation in the U.S.,” Politics & Society 39, pp. 74–102.
Suarina, Jesus (2009), “Dynamic Provisioning: The Experience of Spain,” Note no. 7, Financial and Private Sector Development Vice Presidency, Washington, D.C.: World Bank (July).
Sullivan, Lawrence (1936), Prelude to Panic: The Story of the Bank Holiday, Washington, D.C.: Statesman Press.
Sumner, Scott (1990), “Price-Level Stability, Price Flexibility, and Fisher’s Business Cycle Model,” Cato Journal 9, pp. 719–727.
Suskind, Ron (2011), Confidence Men: Wall Street, Washington, and the Education of a President, New York: Harper.
Swagel, Phillip (2009), “The Financial Crisis: An Inside View,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (spring), pp. 1–63.
Szász, André (1999), The Road to European Monetary Union, London: Macmillan.
Tabbi, Matt (2013), “The Last Mystery of the Financial Crisis,” Rolling Stone (19 June), http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/the-last-mystery-of-the-financial-crisis-20130619.
Taylor, John (2007), “Housing and Monetary Policy,” in Proceedings: Housing, Housing Finance and Monetary Policy, Kansas City: Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, pp. 463–476.
Taylor, Paul (2013), “Troika Has a Patchy Record on Bailouts,” New York Times (10 June), http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/11/business/global/troika-has-a-patchy-record-on-bailouts.html?_r=0.
Teichova, Alice (1994), “Austria,” in Manfred Pohl, Handbook on the History of European Banks, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 3–46.
Temin, Peter (1976), Did Monetary Forces Cause the Great Depression? New York: W. W. Norton.
Temin, Peter and Barrie Wigmore (1990), “The End of One Big Deflation,” Explorations in Economic History 27, pp. 483–502.
Tett, Gillian (2009), Fool’s Gold: How the Bold Dream of a Small Tribe at J. P. Morgan Was Corrupted by Wall Street Greed and Unleashed a Catastrophe, New York: Free Press.
Thomas, Brinley (1937), Monetary Policy and Crises: A Study of Swedish Experience, London: George Routledge and Sons.
Thomas, Landon and Stephen Castle (2011), “The Denials that Trapped Greece,” New York Times (5 November), http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/06/business/global/europes-two-years-of-denials-trapped-greece.html?pagewanted=all.
Thomas, Mark (1983), “Rearmament and Economic Recovery in the Late 1930s,” Economic History Review 36, pp. 552–579.
Thorndike, Joseph (2008), “FDR’s Unlikely Prescription: Tax Hikes for Recovery,” Tax History Project (4 December), http://www.taxhistory.org/thp/readings.nsf/ArtWeb/13F0B2FC36593DC28525751A004A3EDC?OpenDocument.
Timberlake, Richard (2005), “Gold Standards and the Real Bills Doctrine in U.S. Monetary Policy,” Economic Journal Watch 2, pp. 196–233.
Timberlake, Richard (2008), “The Federal Reserve’s Role in the Great Contraction and the Subprime Crisis,” Cato Journal 28, pp. 303–312.
Timmons, Bascom (1953), Portrait of an American: Charles G. Dawes, New York: Henry Holt and Company.
Trescott, Paul (1992), “The Failure of the Bank of United States, 1930: A Rejoinder to Anthony Patrick O’Brien,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 24, pp. 384–399.
United States Department of Justice (2013), “Complaint for Civil Money Penalties: United States of America, Plaintiff v. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., and Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC,” http://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/resources/849201325104924250796.PDF. (February 4).
United States District Court, Southern District of New York (2010), “Securities and Exchange Commission, Plaintiff, v. Goldman Sachs & Co. and Fabrice Tourre, Defendants,” 16 April, http://www.sec.gov/litigation/complaints/2010/comp21489.pdf.
United States House of Representatives (1928), “Stabilization,” Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency, House of Representatives, Seventieth Congress, First Session on H.R. 11806, http://www.scribd.com/doc/175280593/housta28.
United States House of Representatives (2009), “Friends of Angelo: Countrywide’s Systematic and Successful Effort to Buy Influence and Block Reform,” Staff Report, 111th Congress, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (19 March), http://oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/20090319FriendsofAngelo.pdf.
United States Senate, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (2013), “J. P. Morgan Chase Whale Trades: A Case History of Derivatives Risks and Abuses,” Washington, D.C.: Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (15 March).
Urban, Scott (2009), “The Name of the Rose: Classifying 1930s Exchange-Rate Regimes,” Discussion Paper in Economic and Social History no. 76, University of Oxford (April).
Vander Weyer, Martin (2011), Fortune’s Spear: The Story of the Blue-Blooded Rogue Behind the Most Notorious City Scandal of the 1920s, London: Elliot and Thompson.
Van Riet, Ad, ed. (2010), “Euro Area Fiscal Policies and the Crisis,” Occasional Paper no. 109, Frankfurt: European Central Bank (April).
Vanderblue, Homer (1927), “The Florida Land Boom,” Journal of Land and Public Utility Economics 3, pp. 113–131.
Vickers, Raymond (1994), Panic in Paradise: Florida’s Banking Crash of 1926, Tuscaloosa and London: University of Alabama Press.
Vickers, Raymond (2011), Panic in the Loop: Chicago’s Banking Crisis of 1932, New York: Lexington Books.
Wall Street Journal (2008), “Excerpts: Iceland’s Oddsson: ‘We Do Not Intend to Pay the Debts of Banks that Have Been a Little Heedless,” Wall Street Journal Online (17 October), http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122418335729241577.html.
Waller, Douglas (2011), Wild Bill Donovan: The Spymaster Who Created the OSS and Modern American Espionage, New York: Free Press.
Warburg, James (1964), The Long Road Home: The Autobiography of a Maverick, New York: Doubleday.
Warner, Geoffrey (1968), Pierre Laval and the Eclipse of France 1931–1945, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
Warner, Jeremy (2013), “Oh God – I Cannot Take Any More of the Austerity Debate,” Daily Telegraph (11 September), http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/finance/jeremywarner/100025496/oh-god-i-cannot-take-any-more-of-the-austerity-debate/.
Warren, Donald (1996), Radio Priest: Charles Coughlin, the Father of Hate Radio, New York: Free Press.
Webb, Steven (1988), “Latin American Debt Today and German Reparations after World War I – A Comparison,” Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 124, pp. 745–774.
Weber, Bruce (2008), “Harry B. R. Brown, Who Opened Money Markets to Masses, Dies at 82,” New York Times (15 August), p.B5.
Wecter, Dixon (1948), The Age of the Great Depression, 1929–1941, New York: The Macmillan Company.
Weill, Sandy and Judah Kraushaar (2006), The Real Deal: My Life in Business and Philanthropy, New York: Warner Business Books.
Weinstein, Michael (1980), Recovery and Redistribution under the NIRA, Amsterdam: North Holland.
Wells, Donald (2004), The Federal Reserve System: A History, New York: McFarland.
Wells, H. G. (1933), The Shape of Things To Come, New York: Macmillan.
Wessel, David (2009), In Fed We Trust: Ben Bernanke’s War on the Great Panic, New York: Crown Business.
White, Eugene, ed. (1990a), Crashes and Panics: The Lessons from History, New York: Dow Jones Irwin.
White, Eugene (1990b), “When the Ticker Ran Late: The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929,” in Eugene White (ed.), Crashes and Panics: The Lessons from History, New York: Dow Jones Irwin, pp. 143–187.
White, Eugene (2013), “Lessons from the Great American Real Estate Boom of the 1920s,” unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University.
Wicker, Elmus (1966), Federal Reserve Monetary Policy 1917–1933, New York: Random House.
Wicker, Elmus (1996), The Banking Panics of the Great Depression, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wilmarth, Arthur (2002), “The Transformation of the U.S. Financial Services Industry, 1975–2000: Competition, Consolidation and Increased Risks,” University of Illinois Law Review 2002, pp. 215–476.
Winch, Donald (1969), Economics and Policy: A Historical Study, New York: Walker.
Winkler, Max (1933), Foreign Bonds: An Autopsy, Philadelphia: Roland Swain.
Wolf, Nikolaus and Albrecht Ritschl (2011), “Endogeneity of Currency Areas and Trade Blocs: Evidence from a Natural Experiment,” Kyklos 64, pp. 291–312.
Wright, Gordon (1942), Raymond Poincaré and the French Presidency, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Wu, Jing and Fan Xia (2013), “Measuring the Macroeconomic Impact of Monetary Policy at the Zero Lower Bound,” unpublished manuscript, Booth School, University of Chicago and University of California, San Diego (November).
Wueschner, Silvano (1999), Charting Twentieth-Century Monetary Policy: Herbert Hoover and Benjamin Strong, 1917–1927, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Yellen, Janet (2011), “Unconventional Monetary Policy and Central Bank Communications,” Speech at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business U.S. Monetary Policy Forum, New York (25 February).
Zettelmeyer, Jeromin, Christoph Trebesch and Mitu Gulati (2013), “The Greek Debt Restructuring: An Autopsy,” Peterson Institute Working Paper no. 13–8, Washington, D.C.: Peterson Institute for International Economics (August).
Zhou, Wanfeng (2007), “Paulson Urges China to Make Yuan More Flexible,” MarketWatch (20 April), http://www.marketwatch.com/story/treasurys-paulson-urges-china-to-make-yuan-more-flexible.
Zingales, Luigi (2009), “Comments on Swagel, ‘The Financial Crisis: An Inside View’,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (spring), pp. 68–75.
Zuckerman, Gregory (2009), The Greatest Trade Ever: The Behind-the-Scenes Story of How John Paulson Defied Wall Street and Made Financial History, New York: Broadway Books.