Durant, Will. Our Oriental Heritage. Vol. 1 of The Story of Civilization. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1935.

Farrokh, Kaveh. Shadows in the Desert: Ancient Persia at War. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2007.

Ferrill, Arther. The Origins of War: From the Stone Age to Alexander the Great. Rev. ed. New York: Routledge, 2018.

Frahm, Eckart. A Companion to Assyria (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World). Hoboken, NY: Wiley-Blackwell, 2017.

Gavaghan, Paul F. The Cutting Edge: Military History of Antiquity and Early Feudal Times. New York: Peter Lang, 1990.

Healy, Mark. The Ancient Assyrian. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1992.

Olmstead, A. T. History of Assyria. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1923.

Roux, Georges. Ancient Iraq. 3rd ed. London: Penguin, 1993.

Saggs, H. W. F. Everyday Life in Babylonia and Assyria. New York: Putnam, 1967.

Xenophon. The Persian Expedition. Translated by Rex Warner. New York: Penguin Classics, 1950.